Which infection is transmitted via fecal-oral route rather than through blood?

• A. Hepatitis A
• B. Hepatitis B
• C. HIV
• D. Hepatitis C

Answer: (A)

Fecal-oral transmission means the virus is shed in stool and swallowed, often through contaminated food or water or by poor hygiene. Hepatitis A follows this pattern, spreading when someone ingests the virus in contaminated food or water or through close contact in settings with inadequate sanitation. It doesn’t rely on blood contact or exchange of bodily fluids, which is why it's distinguished from the others. In contrast, Hepatitis B and C are mainly transmitted through blood and body fluids (such as via needles or sexual exposure), and HIV is primarily spread through blood and certain bodily fluids rather than through the fecal-oral route. So Hepatitis A is the infection transmitted via fecal-oral route rather than through blood.