Which of the following is a protective factor to prevent maltreatment?

• A. Strong caregiver–child relationships
• B. Reliance on social services to do all the work
• C. Isolating families from community resources
• D. Punitive parenting practices

Answer: (A)

Protective factors in preventing maltreatment include strong, supportive caregiver–child relationships. When a caregiver responds consistently with warmth and attunement, the child forms a secure attachment, which supports healthy emotional regulation and behavior. This bond helps families cope with stress and makes it more likely they will seek help early, reducing the risk that stress turns into neglect or abuse. In contrast, relying on social services to do all the work doesn’t build a protective caregiving environment, isolating families from the supports that help them cope. Isolating families from community resources removes important buffers against stress. Punitive parenting practices can create fear and escalation, undermining safety rather than improving it. So, fostering a strong, responsive caregiver–child relationship best promotes protection against maltreatment.